Updated syllabus of Physics grade12 NEB

 


Here's the syllabus of Physics for grade 12.

Content Area: Mechanics

1. Rotational dynamics [7 teaching hours]
1.1 Equation of angular motion, Relation between linear and angular kinematics
1.2 Kinetic energy of rotation of rigid body
1.3 Moment of inertia; Radius of gyration
1.4 Moment of inertia of a uniform rod
1.5 Torque and angular acceleration for a rigid body
1.6 Work and power in rotational motion
1.7 Angular momentum, Conservation of angular momentum

2. Periodic motion [6 teaching hours]
2.1 Equation of simple harmonic motion (SHM)
2.2 Energy in SHM
2.3 Application of SHM: vertical oscillation of mass suspended from coiled spring
2.4 Angular SHM, simple pendulum
2.5 Oscillatory motion: Damped  oscillation, Forced oscillation and resonance

3. Fluid statics [9 teaching hours]
3.1 Fluid statics: Pressure in fluid; Buoyancy
3.2 Surface tension: Theory of surface tension; Surface energy
3.3 Angle of contact, capillary and it's application
3.4 Fluid dynamics: Newton's formula for viscosity in a liquid; Coefficient of viscosity
3.5 Poiseuille's formula and it's application
3.6 Stokes law and it's applications
3.7  Equation of continuity and it's applications
3.8 Bernoulli's equation and it's applications

Content Area: Heat and Thermodynamics
4. First law of Thermodynamics [6 teaching hours]
4.1 Thermodynamic systems
4.2 Work done during volume change
4.3 Heat and work; Internal energy and First law of thermodynamics
4.4 Thermodynamic processes: Adiabatic, isochoric, isothermal and isobaric
4.5 Heat capacities of an ideal gas at constant pressure and volume and relation between them
4.6 Isothermal and Adiabatic process for an ideal gas

5. Second law of Thermodynamics [6 teaching hours]
5.1 Thermodynamic systems and direction of thermodynamic processes
5.2 Second law of thermodynamics
5.3 Heat engines
5.4 Internal combustion engines: Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Carnot cycle
5.5 Refrigerator
5.6 Entropy and disorder (Introduction only)

Content Area: Wave and optics
6. Wave motion [2 teaching hours]
6.1 Progressive wave
6.2 Mathematical description of wave
6.3 Stationary wave

7. Mechanical wave [4 teaching hours]
7.1 Speed of wave motion; Velocity of sound in solid and liquid
7.2 Velocity of sound in  gas
7.3 Laplace's correction
7.4 Effect of temperature, pressure, humidity on velocity of sound

8. Waves in pipes and strings [4 teaching hours]
8.1 Stationary waves in closed and open pipes
8.2 Harmonics and overtones in closed and open organ pipes
8.3 End correction in pipes
8.4 Velocity of transverse waves along a stretched string
8.5 Vibration of string and overtones
8.6 Laws of vibration of fixed string

9. Acoustic phenomena [5 teaching hours]
9.1 Sound waves: Pressure amplitude
9.2 Characteristics of sound: Intensity; loudness; quality and pitch
9.3 Doppler's effect

10. Nature and propagation of light [3 teaching hours]
10.1 Huygen's principle
10.2 Reflection and refraction according to wave theory

11. Intrerference [2 teaching hours]
11.1 Phenomenon of Interferences: Coherent sources
11.2 Young's double slit experiment

12. Diffraction [3 teaching hours]
12.1 Diffraction from single slit
12.2 Diffraction pattern of image; Diffraction grating
12.3 Resolving power of optical instrument

13. Polarization [3 teaching hours]
13.1 Phenomenon of polarization
13.2 Brewster's law, transverse nature of light
13.3 Polaroid

Content Area: Electricity and Magnetism
14. Electrical circuits [6 teaching hours]
14.1 Kirchhoff's law
14.2 Wheatstone bridge circuit; Meter bridge
14.3 Potentiometer: Comparison of e.m.f measurement of internal resistance of a cell
14.4 Super conductors; Perfect conductors
14.5 Conversion of galvanometer into voltmeter and ammeter; Ohmmeter
14.6 Joule's law

15. Thermoelectric effect [3 teaching hours]
15.1 Seebeck effect; Thermocouples
15.2 Peltier effect: Variation of thermoelectric e.m.f with temperature; Thermopile

16. Magnetic field [9 teaching hours]
16.1 Magnetic field lines and magnetic flux; Oersted's experiment
16.2 Force on moving charge; Force on a conductor
16.3 Force and Torque on rectangular coil, Moving coil galvanometer
16.4 Hall effect
16.5 Magnetic field of a moving charge
16.6 Biot and Savart law and it's application to
  • a circular coil
  • a long straight conductor
  • a long solenoid
16.7 Ampere's law and it's application to
  • a long straight conductor
  • a long solenoid
16.8 Force between two parallel conductors carrying current, definition of Ampere

17. Magnetic properties of materials [5 teaching hours]
17.1 Magnetic field lines and magnetic flux
17.2 Flux density  in magnetic material; Relative permeability; Susceptibility
17.3 Hysteresis
17.4 Dia-, Para- and Ferro-magnetic substance/ material

18. Electromagnetic induction [6 teaching hours]
18.1 Faraday's laws; Induced electric fields
18.2 Lenz's law; Motional electromotive force
18.3 A.C. generators; Eddy current
18.4 Self-inductance and mutual inductance
18.5 Energy stored in an inductor
18.6 Transformer

19. Alternating current [6 teaching hours]
19.1 Peak and rms value if AC current and voltage
19.2 AC through a resistor, a capacitor and an inductor
19.3 Phasor diagram
19.4 Series circuit containing combination of resistance, capacitance and inductance
19.5 Series resonance, quality factor
19.6 Power of AC circuit: power factor 

Content Area: Modern Physics
20. Electrons [4 teaching hours]
20.1 Milikan's oil drop experiment
20.2 Motion of electron beam in electric and magnetic fields
20.3 Thomson's experiment to determine specific charge of electrons

21. Photons[3 teaching hours]
21.1 Quantum nature of radiation
21.2 Einstein's photoelectric equation; Stopping potential
21.3 Measurement of Plank's constant

22. Semiconductor devices [6 teaching hours]
22.1 P-N Junction
22.2 Semiconductor diode: Characteristics in forward and reverse bias
22.3 Full wave rectification
22.4 Logic gates; NOT, OR, AND, NAND and NOR

23. Quantization of energy [8 teaching hours]
23.1 Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom
23.2 Spectral series; Excitation and ionization potential
23.3 Energy level; Emission and absorption spectra
23.4 De Broglie Theory; Duality
23.5 Uncertainty principle
23.6 X-rays: Nature and production; uses
23.7 X-rays diffraction; Bragg's law

24. Radioactivity and nuclear reaction [6 teaching hours]
24.1 Alpha(∝)-particles; Beta(β)-particles; Gamma(ץ) rays
24.2 Laws of radioactive disintegration
24.3 Half-life, mean-life and decay constant
24.4 Geiger-Muller Tube
24.5 Carbon dating
24.6 Medical use of nuclear radiation and possible health hazard

25. Recent trends in Physics [6 teaching hours]
Seismology
25.1 Surface waves: Rayleigh and Love waves
       Internal waves: S and P-waves
       Wave pattern of Gorkha earthquake 2015
25.2 Gravitational Wave; Nanotechnology; Higgs Boson

Note: There is altogether 32 hours for practical courses

Hope this will help you a lot.
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